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Alexandar Pope biography and works

 ALEXANDAR POPE

  • He is a poet of Neo Classical period and Augustan age.

  • Neo Classical period - 1660- 1785

  • Augustan age- 1700- 1745 Augustan age focus on reason and logic( indespensable century)

  • Life span- 1688-1744

  • Known as master of Heroic Couplet

  • Roman catholic, hunch back problem

  • Mathew Arnold  - “ Pope & Dryden are classics of our prose”.

  • Studied at Twyford school most of his studies are self studied

  • Tuberculosis,

  • Associated with Scriblerus group ( found in 1713)

 Pastoral 

  • 1st poem written by Pope

  • Based on Roman poet Virgil's works

  • Heroic Couplet

  • Published in 1709

    • The Dunciad

    • Published - (1728- 1743), anonymously .

    • Mock heroic poem in iambic pentameter

    • Inspired by Dryden's Macflecknoe

    • Comic version of Virgil's Aenid.

    • The Dunciad Verrorium (1729)

    • The New Dunciad (1742)

    • The Dunciad in four books (1743)

    • Celebration of goddes Dullness

    • King Of.Dunces- Tibbald ( Theobald)

    • After revision - Tibbald was replaced by Colly cibber as king of Dunces

    • AN ESSAY ON CRITICISM-

      • Published in 1711 anonymously.

      • Verse essay

      • Divided in 3 parts 

      • To err is human to forgive divine”

      • “ A little knowledge is a dangerous thing”

      • “ Fool rushes where Angels fear to tread”

      • “ Tis hard to say great want of skill”

      • “ True wit is nature”

      • This poem refers to Homer, Virgil ,Horace, Aristotle

      • Other Works by Pope

      • Ode for musical (1713)

      • The work of Shakespeare in 6 volumes (1725)

      • Elegy to the memory of an unfortunate lady ( 1717

      • Translated Iliad (1720) , odyssey ( 1725- 26)

      • Quotes by Pope-

      • “ Men not afraid of God, afraid of me”

      • “ The world forgetting by, the world forgot”

      • “ All nature is art but unknown to thee”.



      • .An essay on man (1734)

        • Philosopical poem in 4 epistles.

        • It  “Vindicates the ways of God to man’

        • It shows relation of man to universe

        • Addressed to Lord.Bolingbrooke

        • Opening lines- Awake st.john

        • “ The proper study of mankind is man”

        • “An honest man the noblest creation of God"

        • “ Whatever is,is wright”

        • “Order is heaven ,first law”

        Ode on Solitude

        • Written in 1700

        • Optimistic poem.

        • Subtitle-” The Quiet life”

        • Theme- virtue of a happy and satisfied life

        • Solitude refers to isolation

        • “ Thus lamented let me die”

        • “ Happy the man whose wish and care...in his own ground”

        The Rape of the Lock

        • Mock epic , humourous satire

        • Satire on high class society

        • 1712- 02 cantos

        • 1714- 5 cantos

        • 1717- Clarisa speech added

        • Based on real incident told by John Caryll

        • Parody of Iliad

        • Card game mentioned

        • Poem begins with rising if sun


        • Invocation of John Caryll ( in other epic invocation of muse)

        • Story of Arabella Fermor and Lord Peter (real character)

        • Belinda( heroine of the play)

        • Lord Peter cuts the lock of Belinda in Canto 3.

        • Shock (Lapdog), Ariel ( guardian spirit), Clarissa(Attendant), Thelastris ( Belinda's friend), Plume(.Thalestris boyfriend)

        .Note- The rape of smocks by Gilles Jacob was published in 1717




        Epistle to Dr.Arbuthnot ( 1735)

        • Heroic Couplet, written in 1734

        • Addressed to Dr.Arbuthnot ( in memorial of their friendship)

        • Starting lines- “ shut shut the door, good John “

        • Pope satarises -1) Ambrosse Philips ,2) Lord Halifax, 3) Joseph Addison, 4) Lord Hervey

        • Addition- ‘ Atticus’

        • Philips- ‘ plagiarist’

        • Lord Hervey- ‘ Sporus’

        • Lord Halifax- ‘ Loved being buttering’ 

        • “ Willing to wound yet afraid to strike”

        • “ Who break a butterfly on a wheel”


                    Messiah (1712) 

        • A sacred Ecolouge 

        • Translated by Samuel Johnson in Latin in 1728.

        • Published in 1731

                     Windsor Forest (1713)

        • Political poem

        • Celebrates Queen Anne

                      The temple of fame- A vision (1715)

        • Inspired by Chaucer's The house of fame.

                  Three hours after marriage (1717)

        • Comedy, collaborative work of John gay, pope & Arbuthnot.



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